I thought this chapter was very interesting and extremely pertinent in today's sociopolitical climate. I think the text provides a good base for what values are, but in reality, they are much, much more complicated than that. The obvious examples that come to my mind for values are the values that may politicians base campaigns on. They brand themselves by their values, which they feel will appeal to voters that they have a chance of swaying in their favor. Their opponents often attack their values and try to point out flaws or discrepancies. This is often seen in attack ads run by politicians that attempt to undermine the voters' confidence in the other candidate's values and ethics. Ethics are rooted in values and play a hugely important role in argumentation and decision making. The proper definition of what ethics is what people believe to be morally right or morally wrong. However, because many people have different values, there can be differences in what people see as ethical. With the political climate becoming very polarized, this phenomenon is seen more and more. Politicians will try to vilify the values and morals of politicians of the opposite party by saying they are immoral or unethical. I think ethics can be extremely difficult to navigate, as many people have very different opinions on what is right and what is wrong. These kinds of questions have come up in the news recently with controversial cases like the Brett Kavanaugh case and the discussion surrounding things like environmental regulations and abortion.
In Chapter 9, the authors of the text discuss credibility. The text remarks that credibility is not only able to serve as a claim in argumentation, but it also plays a significant role as a means to support a claim (Rieke, Sillars, & Peterson, 142). The text then goes into detail about characteristics and forms of credibility but finally goes over the general principle the authors suggest for the use of credibility. Credibility can be incredibly subjective, but there are still some general principles of credibility that can apply to most situations. The principle I found to stand out the most in the group of principles the authors presented was the principle of developing credibility from reputation. Reputation is the credibility someone possesses with decision makers before they argue (Rieke, Sillars, & Peterson, 147). When I think of reputation in argument, I always manage to think of the polarized reputation of Donald Trump. There is a significant amount of people who hat
I liked what you said about politicians using values as a means of winning people over to vote for them. I do agree that it plays a major role in how politicians structure their campaigns. In my mind, politicians look at what the majority of people value and what their ethics are, so that they then can come off as being on the same side as the majority of people in any given case, in an attempt to win over their votes. I assume many politicians would much rather adapt to expressing the values of the majority in order to win votes, even if those values might be different from their own personal values. For example, a value that President Trump has often expressed in many different ways, is that he does not like immigration, which he knows there are millions of Americans that would agree with him. Especially when he explains his reason for being against immigration is that he wants to bring the American people more jobs. But it is not just President Trump that does this, many politicians from different parties use values as a way to gain peoples votes.
ReplyDeleteWhen reading this chapter it never occurred to me to that people could have different views on values and ethics. But you're absolutely right, look at all the serial killers I'd bet that they don't think killing people is unethical. However, I think as far a politicians go that at one point there was a certain standard for ethics. Or traditions, that people held on their leaders and I think that's because it was how our forefathers did things. These set of standards that were held seemed to have broken when Trump became president. I've read several articles that talk about how our values and expectation for our leaders have declined because of Trump. The values he saw of treating women and people in general along with much more have paved a away for more slime ball politicians to step forward. Such as the Governor California rerunning for Governor but owning liquor stores and strip clubs as a living. It seems unethical to most but the article said he'll probably win the election because the standards on ethics have dropped.
ReplyDeleteIn response to Sadie and the serial killer comment, I am not certain if I agree with you. I think that some people are valueless. There are hedonistic people, who may place the short term pleasure of something over their values. For instance, a spouse might choose to cheat on their significant other because they wish to satisfy a particular pleasure rather than staying steadfast on their more 'logical' values. It is very interesting that you bring up the Governor from California, who allegedly owns these "immoral" businesses, since some might say that what the Governor does in their personal life is not necessarily as relevant as their policies and the ethical nature they possess. It is commonplace for normal or even "good" people to have bad or unethical qualities and proclivities. And it is such a fascinating question as to whether or not those parts of people are truly reflective of their overall character. Morality to some people, is not as pertinent as other gratifications. Or for some, it may be a tough and daily battle to chose the moral over the immoral.
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