In Chapter 7, the author provides the forms of the “evidence.” Also, he illustrates the definition of evidence. “Evidence supports a claim in such a way as to cause the decision maker to give adherence to that claim.” Following the definition, the author provides some examples with evidence. He also pointed out that examples may be referred to undeveloped instances used in an argument by generalization. It needs to be mentioned that the examples which the author provided. From my perspective, it is easier for readers to understand the concept. Moreover, it is more helpful for me to get some key point of the evidence. In the reading, Wal-Mart announced that its online music store would start selling songs free of copy-protection technology for 94 cents per tune. This example showed the justification of Wal-Mart. So, I truly felt the justification of this example. This example helps me to know the example’s influence, which can be a straight-forward picture to me. “Hypothetical example” gives readers special instances. It is used where real examples are not available. I think we need to pay attention to this special case in case we encountered some special situations.
Chapter five focuses primarily on identifying and developing propositions for problems that people think are relevant. It goes over 6 steps for choosing a valid proposition based on a perceived “feeling of doubt.” While all six steps may not be necessary, the collectively ensure a well thought out and firm proposition. The six steps include identifying the question, surveying implicated objectives (or understanding what is the goal accomplishment in regard to the question), searching for new information, considering alternative options, considering costs and risks of each potential proposition, and then finally choosing one of the propositions. The authors then go on to talk about analyzing and strengthening the proposition chosen. This includes identification and ranking of the issues that the proposition addresses as well as understanding how the decision makers will react to these issues and propositions. In general, with all these methods of critically analyzing the proposition, ...
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